Hemodialysis, or dialysis, is a process of purifying the blood of a patient whose kidneys are not working properly. This is a process in which a patient’s blood is filtered and “purified” of waste nitrogen-containing substances, unnecessary water and salts.
Basic functions of hemodialysis are performed by hemodialysis machine. The dialyzer consists of a special semi-permeable membrane and a dialysis solution with a certain composition of water, amino acids and salts. The membrane, which is the actual filter, is semi-permeable, which means that it does not automatically allow any substance to pass through it. During dialysis, a membrane is used that filter only the urinary substances so that the patient can get the rest of the blood components back.
Passing through the dialyzer, the blood is purified and then returned to the circulatory system. In order for the dialysis process to take place, the patient must have vascular access. Permanent vascular access for hemodialysis is performed by building an arteriovenous fistula or vascular prosthesis. It is recommended, they to be constructed at an early stage of renal failure. Arterio-venous fistula is created surgically and is located under the skin, most often on the arm. Its function is to allow the dialysis machine to access the patient’s blood circulation.
For most patients undergoing dialysis treatment, it is extremely important to be able to maintain their usual way of living, having satisfying and active life. If necessary, you can always turn to the medical staff for specific medical institution including advices, guidance and recommendations for upcoming treatment.