How to Slow the Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease: Guidelines and Strategies
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a slow and progressive decline in kidney function that can lead to kidney failure if not managed properly. Slowing the progression of CKD is key to preventing serious complications and improving the quality of life for patients. In this article, you can explore what steps to take to prevent the progression of the disease.
1. Early detection and diagnosis
One of the most important aspects of managing CKD is early diagnosis. Unfortunately, many people do not experience symptoms in the early stages of the disease, making it difficult to detect. Early testing through:
Blood tests for creatinine levels
Checking for albumin in the urine (proteinuria)
Measuring glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
is essential to identify the condition early and start treatment that can slow its progression.
2. Control blood pressure
High blood pressure is a major risk factor for the development and progression of CKD. Maintaining blood pressure within normal limits is crucial. It is recommended to aim for values below 130/80 mmHg, and in certain cases this is done with the help of specific medications.
3. Control diabetes
Diabetes is one of the leading risk factors for the development of chronic disease. It is especially important for diabetics to control blood sugar levels. Excessive levels of glucose in the blood can damage the kidney vessels and accelerate the progression of the disease. For good control of diabetes, it is important to regularly monitor blood sugar levels and take prescribed medications (insulin or oral antidiabetic drugs).
4. Healthy diet
Proper nutrition plays an important role in the management of chronic kidney disease. Key dietary recommendations include:
Reducing salt intake: Excess salt can increase blood pressure and put strain on the kidneys.
Moderate protein intake: Excessive protein intake can put strain on the kidneys. Patients with CKD are often advised to limit the amount of protein in their diet.
Emphasizing certain types of fruits and vegetables: They are sources of vitamins and minerals that are beneficial for kidney health.
Controlling potassium and phosphorus: Patients with advanced CKD may have problems regulating these minerals, which is why it is important to contact a dietitian.
5. Quitting smoking
Smoking has a number of negative effects on kidney function, damaging blood vessels and increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease, which can also worsen patients’ condition. Complete cessation of smoking is extremely important in slowing the progression of CKD.
6. Physical activity
Regular physical activity has a positive effect on kidney health, as it helps control blood pressure, blood sugar and weight. At least 150 minutes of moderate physical activity per week, such as walking, swimming or yoga, is recommended.
7. Treatment of comorbidities
Many patients with CKD also have other chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease or dyslipidemia (high cholesterol levels). Treatment of these comorbidities is important to prevent the progression of kidney disease. Medications to control cholesterol (such as statins) and regulate fat levels are often prescribed in these cases.
8. Follow-up by specialists
Patients with chronic kidney disease should be treated regularly by a nephrologist and undergo regular examinations that combine kidney function tests and monitoring of the condition. Early detection of complications can lead to more effective treatment.
Conclusion
Slowing the progression of chronic kidney disease requires a comprehensive approach that includes early diagnosis, controlling major risk factors such as blood pressure, diabetes, and lifestyle. With proper medical care and careful patient monitoring, patients can significantly improve their quality of life and prevent the progression of the disease.
Healthy habits, such as a balanced diet, regular physical activity, quitting smoking, and good control of comorbidities, play a crucial role in the success of use.